Psych 101 offers engaging articles that explore the concepts, theories and practices of classic and contemporary psychology. Whether you are a student, a teacher or just curious, we hope you will enjoy reading our works.
Featured Content
Explore Universal Emotions
Ready to discover Paul Ekman’s research on the seven universal emotions and how we express them?
Criticisms of Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Procedure
Explore the major criticisms of Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Procedure, including cultural bias, low ecological validity, stress concerns and reliability issues, in this student friendly yet academically rigorous psychological critique.
Criticisms of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Explore the major criticisms of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, including issues of cultural and gender bias, methodological problems and the gap between moral reasoning and real world behaviour, in this clear and comprehensive guide for psychology students.
Criticisms of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development: Methodological, Cultural, and Conceptual Limits
Review the major criticisms of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. Learn how methodological flaws, cultural bias, and the role of social learning challenge the universality of the four developmental stages.
Criticisms of the Zone of Proximal Development: Conceptual, Practical and Cultural Limits
The ZPD's shortcomings: Why Vygotsky's theory is criticized for conceptual vagueness, measurement issues, and cultural limits in real classroom practice.
Criticism of the IQ Test
Explore the major criticisms of IQ tests, including cultural bias, reductionism, limited predictive validity, and historical misuse. A critical analysis of intelligence testing and its limitations.
Criticisms of the Big Five
Explore the main criticisms of the Big Five personality traits, including cultural limits, measurement issues, lack of mechanisms, and ethical concerns. A critical evaluation for students, researchers, and psychology enthusiasts.