Psych 101 offers engaging articles that explore the concepts, theories and practices of classic and contemporary psychology. Whether you are a student, a teacher or just curious, we hope you will enjoy reading our works.
Did You Know Bandura Later Emphasized Self-Efficacy?
Albert Bandura expanded Social Learning Theory into Social Cognitive Theory by introducing self-efficacy. our belief in our ability to succeed as a key driver of motivation, behavior, and performance across education, health, and beyond.
Did You Know Bandura’s Findings Raised Concerns About Media Violence?
Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment raised early alarms about media violence, showing how children could imitate aggression just by watching. Discover how this sparked decades of research into the complex link between violent media and real-world behavior.
Did You Know Bandura’s Work Led to Social Learning Theory?
Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory transformed psychology by showing that people, especially children, learn new behaviors simply by observing others—laying the foundation for modern views on role models, education, parenting, and media influence.
Did You Know Bandura’s Experiment Showed Children Imitated Violence Without Direct Reinforcement?
Bandura’s Bobo Doll Experiment revealed that children can imitate violent behavior simply by observing it, without direct reinforcement, forever changing how psychologists understand learning and the influence of role models.
Did You Know the Bobo Doll Experiment Changed How We View Learning?
Discover how Albert Bandura’s groundbreaking Bobo Doll Experiment revolutionized learning theory by proving that children can acquire behaviors simply by observing others—reshaping psychology, education, and media studies.
The Chi-Squared Test in Psychology: A Step-by-Step Student Guide
Learn how to perform a Chi-Squared test in psychology with this clear, step-by-step student guide. Understand assumptions, calculations, and how to report results in APA style.
Erikson vs. Freud: What’s the Difference Between Their Theories?
Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson are two of the most influential figures in the field of psychology. While Erikson was a student of Freud's, he developed his own unique theory of human development. This guide will explore the key aspects of both theories and highlight their fundamental differences.
Beginners Guide to the WEIRD Problem
Explore the WEIRD bias in psychology—Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic populations—and learn how it skews global psychological research.
The Enduring Influence of Freud: Psychoanalysis, Theory & Cultural Reflections
Explore the enduring influence of Sigmund Freud across psychology, culture, and media. From foundational theories like the id, ego, and unconscious mind to modern analyses of characters and Freud himself
Bayesian vs. Frequentist Statistics in Psychology: Pros and Cons
Discover the pros and cons of Bayesian vs. frequentist statistics in psychology. Learn how each approach impacts study design, data interpretation, and research outcomes.
Best Tools & Resources for Psychology University Students (Free + Premium)
Top tools for psychology students: APA citation generators, study apps, podcasts, and free research resources to simplify essays, lab reports, and theses.
What Is “Ego Integrity vs. Despair”? Understanding Erikson’s Eighth Stage of Development
Learn how Erikson’s “Ego Integrity vs. Despair” stage in late adulthood shapes our reflections on life, legacy, and meaning. Discover how to age with wisdom and peace.
What Is “Generativity vs. Stagnation”? Understanding Erikson’s Seventh Stage of Development
Discover how Erikson’s “Generativity vs. Stagnation” stage in middle adulthood shapes purpose, productivity, and the desire to leave a legacy. Learn what it means to contribute meaningfully.
What Is “Intimacy vs. Isolation”? Understanding Erikson’s Sixth Stage of Development
Learn how Erikson’s “Intimacy vs. Isolation” stage shapes the capacity for deep relationships in young adulthood. Explore the emotional foundations of love, connection, and selfhood.
What Is “Identity vs. Role Confusion”? Understanding Erikson’s Fifth Stage of Development
Discover how Erikson’s “Identity vs. Role Confusion” stage during adolescence shapes self-concept, purpose, and future direction. A vital stage in psychosocial development.
What Is “Industry vs. Inferiority”? Understanding Erikson’s Fourth Stage of Development
Learn how Erikson’s “Industry vs. Inferiority” stage (ages 6–12) shapes a child’s sense of competence, motivation, and self-worth through school, effort, and social comparison.
What Is “Initiative vs. Guilt”? Understanding Erikson’s Third Stage of Development
Explore Erikson’s third psychosocial stage, Initiative vs. Guilt. Learn how children aged 3–6 develop purpose, confidence, and morality through imagination, play, and social interaction.
What Is “Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt”? Understanding Erikson’s Second Stage of Development
Explore Erikson’s second stage of psychosocial development, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, and how toddlers develop confidence, independence, and self-control through everyday experiences.
What Is "Trust vs. Mistrust"? Understanding Erikson's First Stage of Development
Discover what Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development, Trust vs. Mistrust, means for infants and caregivers. Learn how early experiences shape lifelong emotional security.
A Compendium of Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
Explore Erik Erikson’s 8 psychosocial stages of development—key crises, virtues, and real-life applications in parenting, education, and therapy.